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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">HEPES</span></h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="de" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="de" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable infobox float-right" id="Vorlage_Infobox_Chemikalie" style="font-size:90%; margin-top:0; width:350px;" summary="Infobox Chemikalie">
<tbody><tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Strukturformel
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" class="hintergrundfarbe-basis skin-invert-image" style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"></span>
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<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Allgemeines
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<td style="width:33%;">Name
</td>
<td>2-(4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-<a href="Ethansulfons%C3%A4ure" title="Ethansulfonsäure">ethansulfonsäure</a> (HEPES)
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Andere Namen
</td>
<td>
<ul><li>4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinethansulfonsäure</li>
<li><i>N</i>-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazin-<i>N</i>′-(2-ethansulfonsäure)</li>
<li><small>HYDROXYETHYLPIPERAZINE ETHANE SULFONIC ACID</small> (<a href="Internationale_Nomenklatur_f%C3%BCr_kosmetische_Inhaltsstoffe" title="Internationale Nomenklatur für kosmetische Inhaltsstoffe">INCI</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-CosIng_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CosIng-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li></ul>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Summenformel" title="Summenformel">Summenformel</a>
</td>
<td>C<sub>8</sub>H<sub>18</sub>N<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>S
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Kurzbeschreibung
</td>
<td>
<p>farblose Kristalle<sup id="cite_ref-merck_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Externe Identifikatoren/Datenbanken
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="padding:0;">
<table class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed wikitable" data-expandtext="+" data-collapsetext="−" style="border-top:none; margin:-1px; width:calc(100% + 2px);">
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<td style="width:33%;"><a href="CAS-Nummer" title="CAS-Nummer">CAS-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td>
<ul><li><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=7365-45-9">7365-45-9</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></li>
<li><span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: CASRN"></span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://commonchemistry.cas.org/detail?cas_rn=75277-39-3">75277-39-3</a><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span> (Dinatriumsalz)</li></ul>
</td>
<td style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD; padding:0.2em 0; vertical-align:bottom; width:5%;">
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="EG-Nummer" title="EG-Nummer">EG-Nummer</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2">230-907-9
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Europ%C3%A4ische_Chemikalienagentur" title="Europäische Chemikalienagentur">ECHA</a>-InfoCard
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.echa.europa.eu/de/substance-information/-/substanceinfo/100.028.098">100.028.098</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PubChem" title="PubChem">PubChem</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/23831">23831</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="ChemSpider" title="ChemSpider">ChemSpider</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.22278.html">22278</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="DrugBank" title="DrugBank">DrugBank</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB16872">DB16872</a>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-right:1px solid #a2a9b1;"><a href="Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>
</td>
<td colspan="2"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418359" class="extiw external" title="d:Q418359">Q418359</a>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Eigenschaften
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Molare_Masse" title="Molare Masse">Molare Masse</a>
</td>
<td>238,31 g·<a href="Mol" title="Mol">mol</a><sup>−1</sup>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Aggregatzustand" title="Aggregatzustand">Aggregatzustand</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>fest<sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Dichte" title="Dichte">Dichte</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>1,439 g·cm<sup>−3</sup><sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Schmelzpunkt" title="Schmelzpunkt">Schmelzpunkt</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>210–215 <a href="Grad_Celsius" title="Grad Celsius">°C</a><sup id="cite_ref-merck_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="PKs-Wert" class="mw-redirect" title="PKs-Wert">p<i>K</i><sub>S</sub>-Wert</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>p<i>K</i><sub>S1</sub>: 3<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br>
p<i>K</i><sub>S2</sub>: 7,77 (4 °C); 7,48 (25 °C); 7,39 (37 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-Good_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Good-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="L%C3%B6slichkeit" title="Löslichkeit">Löslichkeit</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>703,6 g·l<sup>−1</sup> in Wasser (20 °C)<sup id="cite_ref-merck_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<th colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122;">Sicherheitshinweise
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="2" style="width:100%;">
<tbody><tr>
<td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><b><a href="Global_harmonisiertes_System_zur_Einstufung_und_Kennzeichnung_von_Chemikalien" title="Global harmonisiertes System zur Einstufung und Kennzeichnung von Chemikalien">GHS-Gefahrstoffkennzeichnung</a></b><sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Sigma_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sigma-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
<table class="hintergrundfarbe-neutral" style="text-align:center; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; display:flex; justify-content:center;">
<tbody><tr>
<td><i>keine GHS-Piktogramme</i>
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<p>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2" width="33%" style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed; border-right:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;"><a href="H-_und_P-S%C3%A4tze" title="H- und P-Sätze">H- und P-Sätze</a>
</td>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">H: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: H-Sätze"></span><i>keine H-Sätze</i>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td style="border-top:1px #A7A7A7 dashed;">P: <span title="Untervorlage eingebunden: P-Sätze"></span><i>keine P-Sätze</i><sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a href="Toxizit%C3%A4t" title="Toxizität">Toxikologische Daten</a>
</td>
<td>
<p>2000 mg·kg<sup>−1</sup> (<a href="Letale_Dosis" title="Letale Dosis">LD<sub>50</sub></a>, <a href="Ratten" title="Ratten">Ratte</a>, <a href="Peroral" title="Peroral">oral</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-merck_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-merck-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p>
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2" style="background:#FFDEAD; color:#202122; font-size:80%; text-align:center; line-height:150%; padding:.25em;">Wenn nicht anders vermerkt, gelten die angegebenen Daten bei <a href="Standardbedingungen" title="Standardbedingungen">Standardbedingungen</a> (0 °C, 1000 hPa).
</td></tr></tbody></table><p><span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span>
</p><p><b>HEPES</b> ist eine Kurzbezeichnung für <b>2-(4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)-1-piperazinyl)-ethansulfonsäure</b>, eine <a href="Puffer_(Chemie)" title="Puffer (Chemie)">Puffersubstanz</a>.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gewinnung_und_Darstellung">Gewinnung und Darstellung</h2></div>
<p>HEPES kann durch Addition von <i>N</i>-Hydroxyethylpiperazin an <a href="Vinylsulfons%C3%A4ure" title="Vinylsulfonsäure">Vinylsulfonsäure</a> oder ein Salz dieser Säure dargestellt werden.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eigenschaften">Eigenschaften</h2></div>
<p>HEPES ist ein brennbares, schwer entzündbares, feuchtigkeitsempfindliches kristallines, weißes, geruchloses Pulver, das leicht löslich in Wasser ist. Sie zersetzt sich bei Erhitzung über ca. 211 °C.<sup id="cite_ref-GESTIS_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Anwesenheit von Licht, Sauerstoff und HEPES wird <a href="Wasserstoffperoxid" title="Wasserstoffperoxid">Wasserstoffperoxid</a> gebildet, das zytotoxisch wirkt.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Es wird daher empfohlen, HEPES-haltige Lösungen vor Licht geschützt zu lagern, um die Bildung von Wasserstoffperoxid zu verhindern.
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemische_Eigenschaften">Chemische Eigenschaften</h3></div>
<p>HEPES wird für biochemische, molekularbiologische und mikrobiologische Zwecke als Puffersubstanz aus der Gruppe der <a href="Good-Puffer" title="Good-Puffer">Good-Puffer</a> verwendet. Bei einer <a href="S%C3%A4urekonstante" title="Säurekonstante">Säurekonstante</a> von pK<sub>s</sub> = 7,55 (bei 20 °C) besitzt es eine gute <a href="Pufferkapazit%C3%A4t" title="Pufferkapazität">Pufferkapazität</a> zwischen <a href="PH-Wert" title="PH-Wert">pH</a> 6,8 und 8,2.<sup id="cite_ref-Good_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Good-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die Temperaturabhängigkeit beträgt ΔpK<sub>s</sub>/ΔT = −0,014 <a href="Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a><sup>−1</sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-Good_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Good-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>
</p>
<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Einzelnachweise">Einzelnachweise</h2></div>
<ol class="references">
<li id="cite_note-CosIng-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-CosIng_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ec.europa.eu/growth/tools-databases/cosing/details/56812"><i><small>HYDROXYETHYLPIPERAZINE ETHANE SULFONIC ACID</small></i></a> in der <a href="CosIng-Datenbank" title="CosIng-Datenbank">CosIng-Datenbank</a> der EU-Kommission, abgerufen am 19. Juni 2020.</span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-merck-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-merck_2-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-merck_2-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-merck_2-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-merck_2-3">d</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merckmillipore.com/DE/de/product/msds/MDA_CHEM-110110?Origin=PDP">HEPES</a></span> bei <a href="Merck_KGaA" title="Merck KGaA">Merck</a>, abgerufen am 19. Januar 2011.<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-GESTIS-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-2">c</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-3">d</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-GESTIS_3-4">e</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Eintrag zu <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gestis.dguv.de/data?name=121990">4-(2-Hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-ylethansulfonsäure</a></span> in der <a href="GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank" title="GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank">GESTIS-Stoffdatenbank</a> des <a href="Institut_f%C3%BCr_Arbeitsschutz_der_Deutschen_Gesetzlichen_Unfallversicherung" title="Institut für Arbeitsschutz der Deutschen Gesetzlichen Unfallversicherung">IFA</a>, abgerufen am 20. November 2022.<small class="noscript"><span></span> (JavaScript erforderlich)</small></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">M.A. Johnson, S. Seifert, H.I. Petrache, A.C. Kimble-Hill: <cite style="font-style:italic">Phase Coexistence in Single-Lipid Membranes Induced by Buffering Agents</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Langmuir</cite>. 30. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>33</span>, 2014, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>9880–9885</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/la5018938">10.1021/la5018938</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:HEPES&rft.atitle=Phase+Coexistence+in+Single-Lipid+Membranes+Induced+by+Buffering+Agents&rft.au=M.A.%26%2332%3BJohnson%2C%26%2332%3BS.%26%2332%3BSeifert%2C%26%2332%3BH.I.%26%2332%3BPetrache%2C+...&rft.date=2014&rft.doi=10.1021%2Fla5018938&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=33&rft.jtitle=Langmuir&rft.pages=9880-9885&rft.volume=30.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Good-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Good_5-0">a</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Good_5-1">b</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Good_5-2">c</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">N.E. Good, W. Winget, W. Winter, T.N. Conolly, S. Izawa, R.M.M. Singh: <cite style="font-style:italic">Hydrogen Ion Buffers for Biological Research</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Biochemistry</cite>. 5. Jahrgang, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>2</span>, 1966, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>467–477</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021/bi00866a011">10.1021/bi00866a011</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:HEPES&rft.atitle=Hydrogen+Ion+Buffers+for+Biological+Research&rft.au=N.E.%26%2332%3BGood%2C%26%2332%3BW.%26%2332%3BWinget%2C%26%2332%3BW.%26%2332%3BWinter%2C+...&rft.date=1966&rft.doi=10.1021%2Fbi00866a011&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Biochemistry&rft.pages=467-477&rft.volume=5.+Jahrgang" style="display:none"> </span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-Sigma-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Sigma_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Datenblatt <span style="font-style:italic;"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/catalog/product/SIGMA/H3375">HEPES, ≥99.5% (titration)</a></span> bei <a href="Sigma-Aldrich" title="Sigma-Aldrich">Sigma-Aldrich</a>, abgerufen am 15. Februar 2013 (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/DE/de/sds/SIGMA/H3375?userType=anonymous">PDF</a>).<span class="editoronly" style="display:none;"></span></span>
</li>
<li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="cite">Patent <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://worldwide.espacenet.com/publicationDetails/biblio?locale=de_EP&CC=CN&NR=104803949A&FT=D&KC=A">CN104803949A</a>: <i>Method for preparing high-purity 4-hydroxyethyl piperazine ethane sulfonic acid.</i> Angemeldet am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">19. Mai 2015</span>, veröffentlicht am <span style="white-space:nowrap;">29. Juli 2015</span>, Anmelder: Univ. Shandong Technology, Erfinder: Hongyou Cui et al.</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Apatent&rft_id=CN104803949A&rft.applcc=CN&rft.title=Method+for+preparing+high-purity+4-hydroxyethyl+piperazine+ethane+sulfonic+acid&rft.inventor=Hongyou+Cui+et+al&rft.assignee=Univ.+Shandong+Technology&rft.appldate=2015-05-19&rft.pubdate=2015-07-29"></span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">J. S. Zigler, J. L. Lepe-Zuniga, B. Vistica, I. Gery: <cite style="font-style:italic">Analysis of the cytotoxic effects of light-exposed hepes-containing culture medium</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">In Vitro Cellular & Developmental Biology</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>21</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>5</span>, Mai 1985, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>282–287</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02620943">10.1007/BF02620943</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:HEPES&rft.atitle=Analysis+of+the+cytotoxic+effects+of+light-exposed+hepes-containing+culture+medium&rft.au=J.+S.+Zigler%2C+J.+L.+Lepe-Zuniga%2C+B.+Vistica%2C+...&rft.date=1985-05&rft.doi=10.1007%2FBF02620943&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=5&rft.jtitle=In+Vitro+Cellular+%26+Developmental+Biology&rft.pages=282-287&rft.volume=21" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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<li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Jose Luis Lepe-Zuniga, J.S. Zigler, Igal Gery: <cite style="font-style:italic">Toxicity of light-exposed Hepes media</cite>. In: <cite style="font-style:italic">Journal of Immunological Methods</cite>. <span style="white-space:nowrap">Band<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>103</span>, <span style="white-space:nowrap">Nr.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>1</span>, Oktober 1987, <span style="white-space:nowrap">S.<span style="display:inline-block;width:.2em"> </span>145</span>, <a href="Digital_Object_Identifier" title="Digital Object Identifier">doi</a>:<span class="uri-handle" style="white-space:nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-1759%2887%2990253-5">10.1016/0022-1759(87)90253-5</a></span>.<span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rfr_id=info:sid/de.wikipedia.org:HEPES&rft.atitle=Toxicity+of+light-exposed+Hepes+media&rft.au=Jose+Luis+Lepe-Zuniga%2C+J.S.+Zigler%2C+Igal+Gery&rft.date=1987-10&rft.doi=10.1016%2F0022-1759%2887%2990253-5&rft.genre=journal&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Immunological+Methods&rft.pages=145&rft.volume=103" style="display:none"> </span></span>
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